Major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder, also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or... Wikipedia

• Specialty:  Psychiatry, clinical psychology
• Symptoms:  Low mood, low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities, low energy, pain without a clear cause, disturbed sleep pattern (insomnia or hypersomnia)
• Usual onset:  Age 20s
• Duration:  > 2 weeks
• Causes:  Environmental (e.g. adverse life experiences), genetic predisposition, psychological factors such as stress
• Risk factors:  Family history, major life changes, certain medications, chronic health problems, substance use disorder
• Differential diagnosis:  Bipolar disorder, ADHD, sadness
• Medication:  Antidepressants
• Treatment:  Psychotherapy, antidepressant medication, electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, exercise
• Frequency:  163 million (2017)
• Data source:  DuckDuckGo